DOCUMENTS
Standards and certification records
Read the actual approvals rather than taking a summary on faith. These are the documents an agency or a compliance manager asks for, collected so nobody has to request them.
PRIMARY SOURCES
Hosted by the authority that issued them
Every step follows the observation principles Method 9 already requires. The camera replaces the estimate, not the procedure.
1US EPA
Emission Measurement Center
A certified operator records the emission source with a certified camera configuration, at the required distance and sun angle. Position, bearing, distance, weather and time are captured alongside the imagery.
2US EPA
Environmental Appeals Board
Filed in an EPA Environmental Appeals Board docket — the method argued in a real proceeding, not a brochure.
ASTM International
2016 edition
3Standard Test Method for Determining the Opacity of a Plume in the Outdoor Ambient Atmosphere. Purchased from ASTM — we link, we don't host.
4eCFR
current
Requires ASTM D7520-16 to determine opacity, incorporated by reference at § 63.14. The one federal standard where the digital camera technique is the specified method rather than an alternative.
5Journal of Environmental Management
Peer-reviewed cost assessment of DOCS in the environmental management literature.
6US EPA
2022
Authors Shawn Dolan and Allison Dolan, founders of VT, hosted on EPA's own domain.